(Python 2.7) Mesquita Oct 18th, 2014 6:30 pm | Comments Ahhh, and good and old (or not so old) statistics. I create this software to help with my homework. In the end, just by doing it I was able to learn much more about statistical models. :) Also, this software was my first attempt in create something with Python GUI, Tkinter. Wow, compared to Swing this one is like heaven! Click here to download You can see the source code below. Have fun! #!/usr/bin/python # -*-coding=utf-8 -*- #----------------------------------------------------------------- # Mesquita v1.0 # Created by: Abner Matheus # E-mail: abner.math.c@gmail.com # Github: http://github.com/picoledelimao #----------------------------------------------------------------- import math class MatematicaException(Exception): pass class ProbabilidadeException(Exception): pass class BinomialException(ProbabilidadeException): pass class HipergeometricoException(ProbabilidadeException): pass class GeometricoException(ProbabilidadeException): pass class PoissonException(ProbabilidadeException): pass class UniformeException(ProbabilidadeException): pass class ExponencialException(ProbabilidadeException): pass class NormalException(ProbabilidadeException): pass class Matematica: #combina dois numeros inteiros, n > p @staticmethod def combinacao(n, p): if n < p or p < 0 or not(isinstance(n, int) and isinstance(p, int)): raise MatematicaException("Parâmetros inválidos na combinação") n_fatorado = reduce(lambda x, y: x * y, [x for x in range(n, n-p, -1)] + [1]) try: return float(n_fatorado)/math.factorial(p) except: return n_fatorado/math.factorial(p) #---------------------------------------------------------------- # Modelos discretos #---------------------------------------------------------------- class ModeloDiscreto: #variacao do 'x' na reta real def variacao(self, x): raise NotImplementedError() #funcao de probabilidade def f(self): raise NotImplementedError() #funcao de probabilidade acumulada def F(self): raise NotImplementedError() #esperanca da v.a. def e(self): raise NotImplementedError() #variancia da v.a. def var(self): raise NotImplementedError() #================================================================= class Bernoulli(ModeloDiscreto): #p: chance de sucesso def __init__(self, p): try: self.p = float(p) if not 0 <= self.p <= 1: raise ProbabilidadeException("Parametro p não é uma probabilidade") except: raise ProbabilidadeException("Parametro p não é uma probabilidade") def fp(self): return self.p def e(self): return self.p def var(self): return self.p*(1-self.p) class Binomial(Bernoulli): #n: numero de repeticoes, p: chance de sucesso def __init__(self, n, p): try: self.n = int(n) except: raise BinomialException("Parâmetro n deve ser um numero inteiro") Bernoulli.__init__(self, p) def variacao(self): return [x for x in range(0, self.n + 1)] def fp(self, x): if not x in self.variacao(): raise BinomialException("x está fora da variação da v.a.") combinacao = Matematica.combinacao(self.n, x) chance_sucesso = math.pow(self.p, x) chance_fracasso = math.pow(1 - self.p, self.n - x) return combinacao*chance_sucesso*chance_fracasso def F(self, x): if x < 0: return 0 elif x >= self.n: return 1 count = 0 for p in range(0, int(x)+1): count += self.fp(p) return count def e(self): return self.n*self.p def var(self): return self.n*self.p*(1-self.p) class Hipergeometrico(ModeloDiscreto): #N: tamanho da populacao #n: tamanho da amostra #r: numero de elementos favoraveis def __init__(self, N, r, n): try: self.N = int(N) self.r = int(r) self.n = int(n) if self.N < self.n or self.N < self.r: raise HipergeometricoException("Parâmetros inválidos") except: raise HipergeometricoException("Parâmetros inválidos") def variacao(self): return [x for x in range(max(0, self.n-(self.N-self.r)), min(self.r, self.n) + 1)] def fp(self, x): if not x in self.variacao(): raise HipergeometricoException("x está fora da variação da v.a.") a = Matematica.combinacao(self.r, x) b = Matematica.combinacao(self.N - self.r, self.n - x) c = Matematica.combinacao(self.N, self.n) return a*b/c def F(self, x): if x < max(0, self.n-(self.N-self.r)): return 0 elif x >= min(self.r, self.n): return 1 count = 0 for p in range(max(0, self.n-(self.N-self.r)), int(x)+1): count += self.fp(p) return count def e(self): return self.n*(self.r/float(self.N)) def var(self): return self.n*(self.r/float(self.N))*(1-self.r/float(self.N))*(self.N-self.n)/float(self.N-1) class Geometrico(Bernoulli): #p: chance de sucesso def __init__(self, p): Bernoulli.__init__(self, p) def variacao(self, x): return isinstance(x, int) and x >= 1 def fp(self, x): if not self.variacao(x): raise GeometricoException("x está fora da variação da v.a.") return math.pow(1-self.p, x-1)*self.p def F(self, x): if x <= 1: return 0 count = 0 for p in range(1, int(x)+1): count += self.fp(p) return count def e(self): return 1/float(self.p) def var(self): return (1-self.p)/float(math.pow(self.p, 2)) class Poisson(ModeloDiscreto): #alfa: media def __init__(self, alfa): try: self.alfa = float(alfa) except: raise PoissonException("Parâmetro inválido") def variacao(self, x): return isinstance(x, int) and x >= 0 def fp(self, x): if not self.variacao(x): raise PoissonException("x está fora da variação da v.a.") return math.pow(math.e, -self.alfa)*math.pow(self.alfa, x)/float(math.factorial(x)) def F(self, x): if x <= 0: return 0 count = 0 for p in range(0, int(x)+1): count += self.fp(p) return count def e(self): return self.alfa def var(self): return self.alfa #---------------------------------------------------------------- # Modelos continuos #---------------------------------------------------------------- class ModeloContinuo: #funcao distribuicao de probabilidade entre dois pontos def fdp(self, x, y): raise NotImplementedError() #funcao de probabilidade acumulada de -infinito ate o ponto def F(self, x): raise NotImplementedError() #esperanca da v.a. def e(self): raise NotImplementedError() #variancia da v.a. def var(self): raise NotImplementedError() #================================================================= class Uniforme(ModeloContinuo): def __init__(self, a, b): try: self.a = float(a) self.b = float(b) if self.a >= self.b: raise UniformeException("Parametro a é maior ou igual que o b") except: raise UniformeException("Parâmetros inválidos") def F(self, x): if x <= self.a: return 0 elif x >= self.b: return 1 return (x-self.a)/float(self.b-self.a) def fdp(self, x, y): if y < x: raise UniformeException("Ponto final é menor que ponto inicial") return self.F(y) - self.F(x) def e(self): return (self.a + self.b)/2.0 def var(self): return math.pow(self.b - self.a, 2)/12.0 class Exponencial(ModeloContinuo): #alfa: o inverso da media def __init__(self, alfa): try: self.alfa = float(alfa) except: raise ExponencialException("Parâmetro inválido") if self.alfa < 0: raise ExponencialException("Parâmetro deve ser maior que 0") def F(self, x): if x <= 0: return 0 return 1 - math.pow(math.e, -self.alfa*x) def fdp(self, x, y): if y < x: raise ExponencialException("Ponto final é menor que o ponto inicial") return self.F(y) - self.F(x) def e(self): return 1/float(self.alfa) def var(self): return 1/float(math.pow(self.alfa, 2)) class Normal(ModeloContinuo): #u: media #o2: variancia def __init__(self, u, o2): try: self.u = float(u) self.o2 = float(o2) except: raise NormalException("Parâmetros inválidos") #tabela abaixo self.tabela = {0.0: 0.5, 0.25: 0.5987, 2.0: 0.9772, 3.0: 0.9987, 0.5: 0.6915, 1.0: 0.8413, 3.37: 0.9996, 0.75: 0.7734, 2.83: 0.9977, 1.17: 0.879, 0.67: 0.7486, 2.28: 0.9887, 3.29: 0.9995, 3.21: 0.9993, 0.83: 0.7967, 0.6: 0.7257, 2.91: 0.9982, 3.5: 0.9998, 1.34: 0.9099, 2.25: 0.9878, 0.85: 0.8023, 3.51: 0.9998, 0.96: 0.8315, 0.66: 0.7454, 3.27: 0.9995, 0.78: 0.7823, 3.45: 0.9997, 1.67: 0.9525, 1.43: 0.9236, 2.65: 0.996, 2.03: 0.9788, 3.54: 0.9998, 2.36: 0.9909, 3.46: 0.9997, 0.14: 0.5557, 0.37: 0.6443, 1.2: 0.8849, 0.4: 0.6554, 2.62: 0.9956, 3.55: 0.9998, 2.04: 0.9793, 1.29: 0.9015, 0.46: 0.6772, 3.49: 0.9998, 0.56: 0.7123, 1.73: 0.9582, 1.51: 0.9345, 0.36: 0.6406, 3.41: 0.9997, 0.22: 0.5871, 1.09: 0.8621, 0.95: 0.8289, 0.26: 0.6026, 1.61: 0.9463, 3.24: 0.9994, 1.84: 0.9671, 2.06: 0.9803, 0.63: 0.7357, 1.81: 0.9649, 3.3: 0.9995, 1.54: 0.9382, 2.02: 0.9783, 1.95: 0.9744, 2.57: 0.9949, 2.4: 0.9918, 2.73: 0.9968, 1.9: 0.9713, 2.31: 0.9896, 0.42: 0.6628, 3.58: 0.9998, 2.52: 0.9941, 2.76: 0.9971, 2.84: 0.9977, 2.64: 0.9959, 2.17: 0.985, 2.97: 0.9985, 3.23: 0.9994, 1.94: 0.9738, 1.88: 0.9699, 3.33: 0.9996, 2.75: 0.997, 1.68: 0.9535, 2.43: 0.9925, 1.33: 0.9082, 1.85: 0.9678, 2.35: 0.9906, 2.27: 0.9884, 2.19: 0.9857, 1.77: 0.9616, 0.31: 0.6217, 1.96: 0.975, 3.14: 0.9992, 2.51: 0.994, 2.22: 0.9868, 0.73: 0.7673, 1.04: 0.8508, 1.49: 0.9319, 1.18: 0.881, 1.58: 0.9429, 1.01: 0.8438, 1.62: 0.9474, 0.1: 0.5398, 2.6: 0.9953, 1.72: 0.9573, 2.15: 0.9842, 1.76: 0.9608, 0.47: 0.6808, 1.05: 0.8531, 2.92: 0.9982, 1.1: 0.8643, 1.47: 0.9292, 3.13: 0.9991, 3.28: 0.9995, 0.09: 0.5359, 3.31: 0.9995, 0.76: 0.7764, 2.47: 0.9932, 1.63: 0.9484, 0.15: 0.5596, 3.07: 0.9989, 1.37: 0.9147, 0.7: 0.758, 2.85: 0.9978, 2.54: 0.9945, 1.23: 0.8907, 2.32: 0.9898, 0.97: 0.834, 0.74: 0.7704, 0.51: 0.695, 0.64: 0.7389, 2.55: 0.9946, 0.45: 0.6736, 2.78: 0.9973, 0.54: 0.7054, 1.44: 0.9251, 0.55: 0.7088, 0.01: 0.504, 3.39: 0.9997, 2.89: 0.9981, 2.81: 0.9975, 1.14: 0.8729, 1.8: 0.9641, 3.18: 0.9993, 1.22: 0.8888, 1.86: 0.9686, 3.16: 0.9992, 1.99: 0.9767, 3.02: 0.9987, 1.98: 0.9761, 3.26: 0.9994, 0.04: 0.516, 3.08: 0.999, 2.07: 0.9808, 0.34: 0.6331, 0.61: 0.7291, 3.11: 0.9991, 2.14: 0.9838, 3.03: 0.9988, 2.41: 0.992, 0.16: 0.5636, 0.41: 0.6591, 0.48: 0.6844, 1.36: 0.9131, 0.98: 0.8365, 3.19: 0.9993, 3.06: 0.9989, 3.43: 0.9997, 2.98: 0.9986, 3.35: 0.9996, 2.9: 0.9981, 1.5: 0.9332, 0.89: 0.8133, 1.64: 0.9495, 0.24: 0.5948, 0.52: 0.6985, 2.05: 0.9798, 1.59: 0.9441, 1.25: 0.8944, 0.3: 0.6179, 2.56: 0.9948, 2.63: 0.9957, 0.21: 0.5832, 2.71: 0.9966, 0.23: 0.591, 2.79: 0.9974, 2.12: 0.983, 0.71: 0.7611, 0.19: 0.5753, 1.87: 0.9693, 2.45: 0.9929, 1.45: 0.9265, 3.52: 0.9998, 1.89: 0.9706, 3.44: 0.9997, 3.36: 0.9996, 3.22: 0.9994, 0.07: 0.5279, 1.06: 0.8554, 3.53: 0.9998, 2.59: 0.9952, 1.53: 0.937, 3.47: 0.9997, 0.58: 0.719, 2.7: 0.9965, 3.56: 0.9998, 2.94: 0.9984, 0.28: 0.6103, 0.99: 0.8389, 1.41: 0.9207, 3.48: 0.9997, 1.7: 0.9554, 0.38: 0.648, 1.74: 0.9591, 1.78: 0.9625, 0.11: 0.5438, 1.38: 0.9162, 2.38: 0.9913, 1.92: 0.9726, 0.92: 0.8212, 1.82: 0.9656, 1.71: 0.9564, 0.35: 0.6368, 1.11: 0.8665, 0.13: 0.5517, 0.94: 0.8264, 1.12: 0.8686, 2.46: 0.9931, 1.55: 0.9394, 1.75: 0.9599, 0.68: 0.7517, 1.97: 0.9756, 0.44: 0.67, 2.68: 0.9963, 1.15: 0.8749, 2.09: 0.9817, 0.77: 0.7794, 1.28: 0.8997, 2.01: 0.9778, 0.53: 0.7019, 3.4: 0.9997, 3.57: 0.9998, 1.26: 0.8962, 2.3: 0.9893, 2.33: 0.9901, 1.31: 0.9049, 2.39: 0.9916, 0.82: 0.7939, 2.99: 0.9986, 0.84: 0.7995, 0.79: 0.7852, 0.81: 0.791, 0.59: 0.7224, 0.33: 0.6293, 2.26: 0.9881, 2.42: 0.9922, 0.86: 0.8051, 1.79: 0.9633, 1.03: 0.8485, 0.88: 0.8106, 2.34: 0.9904, 1.66: 0.9515, 0.05: 0.5199, 2.74: 0.9969, 2.21: 0.9864, 1.93: 0.9732, 2.61: 0.9955, 1.57: 0.9418, 2.2: 0.9861, 0.06: 0.5239, 3.17: 0.9992, 0.49: 0.6879, 0.2: 0.5793, 2.29: 0.989, 0.62: 0.7324, 1.13: 0.8708, 2.37: 0.9911, 2.13: 0.9834, 2.5: 0.9938, 3.2: 0.9993, 0.8: 0.7881, 1.3: 0.9032, 0.29: 0.6141, 2.48: 0.9934, 2.24: 0.9875, 2.44: 0.9927, 1.19: 0.883, 0.69: 0.7549, 0.87: 0.8078, 2.08: 0.9812, 2.82: 0.9976, 1.21: 0.8869, 2.95: 0.9984, 1.39: 0.9177, 1.91: 0.9719, 3.04: 0.9988, 3.15: 0.9992, 0.18: 0.5714, 1.52: 0.9357, 0.39: 0.6517, 0.93: 0.8238, 2.53: 0.9943, 1.24: 0.8925, 2.11: 0.9826, 2.16: 0.9846, 2.96: 0.9985, 2.49: 0.9936, 0.91: 0.8186, 2.67: 0.9962, 0.27: 0.6064, 0.72: 0.7642, 2.69: 0.9964, 2.18: 0.9854, 2.77: 0.9972, 2.87: 0.9979, 1.65: 0.9505, 2.1: 0.9821, 2.93: 0.9983, 0.65: 0.7422, 0.9: 0.8159, 1.07: 0.8577, 1.08: 0.8599, 1.32: 0.9066, 3.38: 0.9996, 3.09: 0.999, 2.8: 0.9974, 0.02: 0.508, 3.01: 0.9987, 2.23: 0.9871, 0.17: 0.5675, 0.43: 0.6664, 3.1: 0.999, 1.27: 0.898, 1.4: 0.9192, 2.66: 0.9961, 1.16: 0.877, 3.12: 0.9991, 2.58: 0.9951, 1.46: 0.9279, 0.08: 0.5319, 0.12: 0.5478, 1.69: 0.9545, 1.48: 0.9306, 1.42: 0.9222, 1.02: 0.8461, 1.56: 0.9406, 1.83: 0.9664, 3.42: 0.9997, 2.88: 0.998, 0.03: 0.512, 3.32: 0.9995, 3.25: 0.9994, 3.34: 0.9996, 3.05: 0.9989, 1.6: 0.9452, 2.86: 0.9979, 0.32: 0.6255, 1.35: 0.9115, 0.57: 0.7157, 2.72: 0.9967} def F(self, x): xNormalizada = (x - self.u)/float(math.sqrt(self.o2)) if xNormalizada < -3.5: return 0 elif xNormalizada > 3.5: return 1 chave = float("%.2f" % math.fabs(xNormalizada)) if xNormalizada < 0: return 1 - self.tabela[chave] else: return self.tabela[chave] def fdp(self, x, y): if y < x: raise NormalException("Ponto final é menor que o ponto inicial") return self.F(y) - self.F(x) def e(self): return self.u def var(self): return self.o2 #---------------------------------------------------------------- # Interface gráfica #---------------------------------------------------------------- if __name__ == '__main__': from Tkinter import * import tkMessageBox class JanelaPrincipal: def __init__(self, top_level): self.frame1 = Frame(top_level) self.frame1.pack(side=LEFT) self.frame2 = Frame(top_level) self.frame2.pack(side=RIGHT) width = 50 height = 5 Label(self.frame1, text="Modelos discretos:").pack() self.binomial = Button(self.frame1, text="Modelo binomial") self.binomial['width'] = width self.binomial['height'] = height self.hipergeometrico = Button(self.frame1, text="Modelo hipergeométrico") self.hipergeometrico['width'] = width self.hipergeometrico['height'] = height self.geometrico = Button(self.frame1, text="Modelo geométrico") self.geometrico['width'] = width self.geometrico['height'] = height self.poisson = Button(self.frame1, text="Modelo de Poisson") self.poisson['width'] = width self.poisson['height'] = height Label(self.frame2, text="Modelos contínuos:").pack() self.uniforme = Button(self.frame2, text="Modelo uniforme") self.uniforme['width'] = width self.uniforme['height'] = height self.exponencial = Button(self.frame2, text="Modelo exponencial") self.exponencial['width'] = width self.exponencial['height'] = height self.normal = Button(self.frame2, text="Modelo normal") self.normal['width'] = width self.normal['height'] = height self.binomial.pack() self.hipergeometrico.pack() self.geometrico.pack() self.poisson.pack() self.uniforme.pack() self.exponencial.pack() self.normal.pack() self.binomial.bind("<Button-1>", self.clica_botao) self.hipergeometrico.bind("<Button-1>", self.clica_botao) self.geometrico.bind("<Button-1>", self.clica_botao) self.poisson.bind("<Button-1>", self.clica_botao) self.uniforme.bind("<Button-1>", self.clica_botao) self.exponencial.bind("<Button-1>", self.clica_botao) self.normal.bind("<Button-1>", self.clica_botao) def clica_botao(self, event): janela = Tk() if event.widget == self.binomial: janela.title("Modelo binomial") JanelaBinomial(janela) elif event.widget == self.hipergeometrico: janela.title("Modelo hipergeométrico") JanelaHipergeometrico(janela) elif event.widget == self.geometrico: janela.title("Modelo geométrico") JanelaGeometrico(janela) elif event.widget == self.poisson: janela.title("Modelo de Poisson") JanelaPoisson(janela) elif event.widget == self.uniforme: janela.title("Modelo uniforme") JanelaUniforme(janela) elif event.widget == self.exponencial: janela.title("Modelo exponencial") JanelaExponencial(janela) elif event.widget == self.normal: janela.title("Modelo normal") JanelaNormal(janela) janela.mainloop() class Grafico: def __init__(self, raiz): self.width = 400 self.height = 400 self.canvas = Canvas(raiz, width=self.width, height=self.height) self.canvas.pack() def set_modelo(self, modelo_discreto, funcao, limiteX1, limiteX2, acumulada): self.modelo = modelo_discreto self.funcao = funcao self.desenha(limiteX1, limiteX2, acumulada) class GraficoDiscreto(Grafico): def desenha(self, limiteX1, limiteX2, acumulada): self.canvas.delete("all") try: variacao = self.modelo.variacao() except: if isinstance(self.modelo, Geometrico): i = 1 while(self.modelo.F(i) < 0.95): i += 1 if i > 100: break variacao = [x for x in range(1, i + 1)] elif isinstance(self.modelo, Poisson): i = 0 while(self.modelo.F(i) < 0.95): i += 1 if i > 100: break variacao = [x for x in range(0, i + 1)] variacao.insert(0, variacao[0] - 1) variacao.insert(0, variacao[0] - 2) variacao.append(variacao[-1] + 1) variacao.append(variacao[-1] + 2) #retas x e y, respectivamente reta_y_posicao_x = self.width/float(len(variacao)) * (math.fabs(0 - variacao[0])) + 20 self.canvas.create_line(0, self.height - 20, self.width, self.height - 20) if 0 in variacao: self.canvas.create_line(reta_y_posicao_x, 0, reta_y_posicao_x, self.height) else: reta_y_posicao_x = 20 #desenha os pontos for ponto in variacao: try: probabilidade = self.funcao(ponto) x = self.width/float(len(variacao)) * (math.fabs(ponto - variacao[0])) + 20 y = (self.height - 40) * probabilidade if limiteX1 != None and limiteX2 != None: if limiteX1 <= ponto <= limiteX2: self.canvas.create_oval(x - 2, self.height - y - 22, x + 2, self.height - y - 18, fill='red') self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x, self.height - 20, fill='red') else: self.canvas.create_oval(x - 2, self.height - y - 22, x + 2, self.height - y - 18, fill='black') self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x, self.height - 20, fill='black') else: self.canvas.create_oval(x - 2, self.height - y - 22, x + 2, self.height - y - 18, fill='black') self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x, self.height - 20, fill='black') except: pass limite = 11 if limite > len(variacao): limite = len(variacao) #desenha metricas na reta x for i in range(1, limite): index = i * (len(variacao) / float(limite)) if index != int(index): index += 1 index = int(index) x = self.width/float(len(variacao)) * (math.fabs(variacao[index] - variacao[0])) + 20 self.canvas.create_text(x, self.height - 10, text=str(variacao[index])) #desenha metricas probabilidade for i in range(1, 11): y = self.height * i/11.0 self.canvas.create_text(reta_y_posicao_x - 10, self.height - y - 20, text=str(0.1 * i)) class JanelaDiscreta: def __init__(self, top_level, *parametros): self.top_level = top_level self.frame_left = Frame(top_level) self.frame_left.pack(side=LEFT) self.frame_right = Frame(top_level) self.frame_right.pack(side=RIGHT) self.frame_params = {} self.entries = {} for i in range(len(parametros)): parametro = parametros[i] self.frame_params[parametro] = Frame(self.frame_left) self.frame_params[parametro].pack() Label(self.frame_params[parametro], text=parametro).pack(side=LEFT) self.entries[parametro] = Entry(self.frame_params[parametro]) self.entries[parametro].pack() self.frame_botao_ok = Frame(self.frame_left) self.frame_botao_ok.pack() self.botao_ok = Button(self.frame_botao_ok, text="Gerar") self.botao_ok['width'] = 30 self.botao_ok.pack() self.botao_ok.bind("<Button-1>", self.clica_botao_ok) self.frame_fp = Frame(self.frame_right) self.frame_fp.pack(side=LEFT) self.frame_fda = Frame(self.frame_right) self.frame_fda.pack(side=LEFT) Label(self.frame_fp, text="Função de probabilidade:").pack() self.graficoFd = GraficoDiscreto(self.frame_fp) Label(self.frame_fda, text="Função de distribuição acumulada:").pack() self.graficoF = GraficoDiscreto(self.frame_fda) self.frame_1 = Frame(self.frame_left) self.frame_2 = Frame(self.frame_1) self.frame_2.pack() Label(self.frame_2, text=" P(X = x):").pack(side=LEFT) self.x = Entry(self.frame_2) self.x.pack() self.frame_3 = Frame(self.frame_1) self.frame_3.pack() Label(self.frame_3, text=" F(x):").pack(side=LEFT) self.F = Entry(self.frame_3) self.F.pack() self.frame_4 = Frame(self.frame_1) self.frame_4.pack() self.botao_calcula = Button(self.frame_4, text="Calcular") self.botao_calcula['width'] = 30 self.botao_calcula.pack() self.botao_calcula.bind("<Button-1>", self.clica_botao_calcula) self.frame_5 = Frame(self.frame_1) self.frame_5.pack() self.labelE = Label(self.frame_5, text="E(X): ") self.labelE.pack() self.labelVar = Label(self.frame_5, text="Var(X): ") self.labelVar.pack() self.labelP = Label(self.frame_5) self.labelP.pack() self.labelF = Label(self.frame_5) self.labelF.pack() def clica_botao_ok(self, event): self.graficoFd.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.fp, None, None, False) self.graficoF.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.F, None, None, True) self.frame_1.pack() try: self.labelE.setParent(None) self.labelVar.setParent(None) except: pass self.labelE['text'] = "E(X): %.5f" % self.modelo.e() self.labelVar['text'] = "Var(X): %.5f" % self.modelo.var() def clica_botao_calcula(self, event): try: x = int(self.x.get()) try: self.labelP['text'] = "P(X = %d) = %.5f" % (x, self.modelo.fp(x)) self.graficoFd.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.fp, x, x, False) except Exception, e: tkMessageBox.showwarning("Ops...", e[0], parent=self.top_level) except: if self.x.get().replace(" ","") != "": tkMessageBox.showwarning("Ops...", "x deve ser um número inteiro", parent=self.top_level) self.graficoFd.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.fp, None, None, False) self.labelP['text'] = "" try: x = float(self.F.get()) self.labelF['text'] = "F(%.2f) = %.5f" % (x, self.modelo.F(x)) self.graficoF.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.F, 0, x, True) except: self.graficoF.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.F, None, None, True) self.labelF['text'] = "" class JanelaBinomial(JanelaDiscreta): def __init__(self, top_level): JanelaDiscreta.__init__(self, top_level, "Parâmetro n", "Parâmetro p") def clica_botao_ok(self, event): n = self.entries["Parâmetro n"].get() p = self.entries["Parâmetro p"].get() try: self.modelo = Binomial(n, p) JanelaDiscreta.clica_botao_ok(self, event) except Exception, e: tkMessageBox.showwarning("Ops...", e[0], parent=self.top_level) class JanelaHipergeometrico(JanelaDiscreta): def __init__(self, top_level): JanelaDiscreta.__init__(self, top_level, "Parâmetro N", "Parâmetro r", "Parâmetro n") def clica_botao_ok(self, event): N = self.entries["Parâmetro N"].get() r = self.entries["Parâmetro r"].get() n = self.entries["Parâmetro n"].get() try: self.modelo = Hipergeometrico(N, r, n) JanelaDiscreta.clica_botao_ok(self, event) except Exception, e: tkMessageBox.showwarning("Ops...", e[0], parent=self.top_level) class JanelaGeometrico(JanelaDiscreta): def __init__(self, top_level): JanelaDiscreta.__init__(self, top_level, "Parâmetro p") def clica_botao_ok(self, event): p = self.entries["Parâmetro p"].get() try: self.modelo = Geometrico(p) JanelaDiscreta.clica_botao_ok(self, event) except Exception, e: tkMessageBox.showwarning("Ops...", e[0], parent=self.top_level) class JanelaPoisson(JanelaDiscreta): def __init__(self, top_level): JanelaDiscreta.__init__(self, top_level, "Parâmetro gama") def clica_botao_ok(self, event): alfa = self.entries["Parâmetro gama"].get() try: self.modelo = Poisson(alfa) JanelaDiscreta.clica_botao_ok(self, event) except Exception, e: tkMessageBox.showwarning("Ops...", e[0], parent=self.top_level) class GraficoContinuo(Grafico): def desenha(self, limiteX1, limiteX2, acumulada): self.canvas.delete("all") if isinstance(self.modelo, Uniforme): a = self.modelo.a b = self.modelo.b + 1 elif isinstance(self.modelo, Exponencial): a = -1 b = 0 while self.modelo.F(b) < 0.995: b += 1 if b > 100: break elif isinstance(self.modelo, Normal): a = 0 while self.modelo.F(a) > 0: a -= 1 b = 0 while self.modelo.F(b) < 1: b += 1 l = math.fabs(b-a)/1000.0 tamanho = math.fabs(b-a) variacao = [x*l+a for x in range(0, 1000)] #retas x e y, respectivamente reta_y_posicao_x = self.width/float(tamanho) * (math.fabs(0 - variacao[0])) + 20 self.canvas.create_line(0, self.height - 20, self.width, self.height - 20) if variacao[0] <= 0 <= variacao[-1]: self.canvas.create_line(reta_y_posicao_x, 0, reta_y_posicao_x, self.height) else: reta_y_posicao_x = 20 #desenha os pontos for indice, ponto in enumerate(variacao): try: if acumulada: probabilidade = self.funcao(ponto) else: probabilidade = self.funcao(variacao[indice], variacao[indice+1]) * 100 x = self.width/float(tamanho) * (math.fabs(ponto - variacao[0])) + 20 y = (self.height - 40) * probabilidade if limiteX1 != None and limiteX2 != None: if limiteX1 <= ponto <= limiteX2: self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x + 1, self.height - y - 20, fill='red') self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x, self.height - 20, fill='red') else: self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x + 1, self.height - y - 20, fill='black') self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x, self.height - 20, fill='black') else: self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x + 1, self.height - y - 20, fill='black') self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x, self.height - 20, fill='black') except: pass limite = 11 #desenha metricas na reta x for i in range(1, limite): index = i * len(variacao) / float(limite) index = int(index) tamanhoInicial = math.fabs(variacao[index] - variacao[0]) tamanhoTotal = math.fabs(variacao[-1] - variacao[0]) factor = tamanhoInicial / float(tamanhoTotal) x = self.width * factor + 20 self.canvas.create_text(x, self.height - 10, text=str(variacao[index])) #desenha metricas probabilidade for i in range(1, 11): y = self.height * i/11.0 self.canvas.create_text(reta_y_posicao_x - 10, self.height - y - 20, text=str(0.1 * i)) def desenha22(self, limiteX1, limiteX2, acumulada): self.canvas.delete("all") if isinstance(self.modelo, Uniforme): variacao = [x for x in range(int(self.modelo.a * 100), int((self.modelo.b + 1) * 100 ))] elif isinstance(self.modelo, Exponencial): variacao = [x for x in range(0, 10 * 100)] elif isinstance(self.modelo, Normal): inflexao = 3.5 * self.modelo.o2 + self.modelo.u inicial = (self.modelo.u - inflexao) * 100 final = (self.modelo.u + inflexao) * 100 variacao = [x for x in range(int(inicial), int(final))] #retas x e y, respectivamente reta_y_posicao_x = (self.width - 20)/float(len(variacao)) * (math.fabs(0 - variacao[0])) + 40 self.canvas.create_line(0, self.height - 20, self.width, self.height - 20) self.canvas.create_line(reta_y_posicao_x, 0, reta_y_posicao_x, self.height) #desenha os pontos for ponto in variacao: if acumulada: probabilidade = self.funcao(ponto/100.0) else: probabilidade = self.funcao(ponto/100.0, ponto/100.0 + 1) x = (self.width+40)/float(len(variacao)) * (math.fabs(ponto - variacao[0])) + 40 y = (self.height - 30) * probabilidade if limiteX1 != None and limiteX2 != None: if limiteX1 <= ponto/100.0 + 0.5 <= limiteX2: self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x + 1, self.height - 20, fill='red') else: self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x + 1, self.height - 20, fill='black') else: self.canvas.create_line(x, self.height - y - 20, x + 1, self.height - 20, fill='black') limite = 11 if limite > len(variacao): limite = len(variacao) #desenha metricas na reta x for i in range(1, limite): index = i * (len(variacao) / float(limite)) if index != int(index): index += 1 index = int(index) x = (self.width - 20)/float(len(variacao)) * (math.fabs(variacao[index] - variacao[0])) + 40 self.canvas.create_text(x, self.height - 10, text="%.2f" % (variacao[index]/100.0)) #desenha metricas probabilidade for i in range(1, 11): y = self.height / 11.0 * i self.canvas.create_text(reta_y_posicao_x - 20, self.height - y - 10, text=str(0.1 * i)) class JanelaContinua: def __init__(self, top_level, *parametros): self.top_level = top_level self.frame_left = Frame(top_level) self.frame_left.pack(side=LEFT) self.frame_right = Frame(top_level) self.frame_right.pack(side=RIGHT) self.frame_params = {} self.entries = {} for i in range(len(parametros)): parametro = parametros[i] self.frame_params[parametro] = Frame(self.frame_left) self.frame_params[parametro].pack() Label(self.frame_params[parametro], text=" " +parametro).pack(side=LEFT) self.entries[parametro] = Entry(self.frame_params[parametro]) self.entries[parametro].pack() self.frame_botao_ok = Frame(self.frame_left) self.frame_botao_ok.pack() self.botao_ok = Button(self.frame_botao_ok, text="Gerar") self.botao_ok['width'] = 35 self.botao_ok.pack() self.botao_ok.bind("<Button-1>", self.clica_botao_ok) self.frame_fp = Frame(self.frame_right) self.frame_fp.pack(side=LEFT) self.frame_fda = Frame(self.frame_right) self.frame_fda.pack(side=LEFT) Label(self.frame_fp, text="Função distribuição de probabilidade:").pack() self.graficoFd = GraficoContinuo(self.frame_fp) Label(self.frame_fda, text="Função de distribuição acumulada:").pack() self.graficoF = GraficoContinuo(self.frame_fda) self.frame_1 = Frame(self.frame_left) self.frame_2 = Frame(self.frame_1) self.frame_2.pack() Label(self.frame_2, text="P(a <= x <= b):").pack(side=LEFT) self.x1 = Entry(self.frame_2) self.x1.pack() self.x2 = Entry(self.frame_2) self.x2.pack(side=RIGHT) self.frame_3 = Frame(self.frame_1) self.frame_3.pack() Label(self.frame_3, text=" F(x):").pack(side=LEFT) self.F = Entry(self.frame_3) self.F.pack() self.frame_4 = Frame(self.frame_1) self.frame_4.pack() self.botao_calcula = Button(self.frame_4, text="Calcular") self.botao_calcula['width'] = 35 self.botao_calcula.pack() self.botao_calcula.bind("<Button-1>", self.clica_botao_calcula) self.frame_5 = Frame(self.frame_1) self.frame_5.pack() self.labelE = Label(self.frame_5, text="E(X): ") self.labelE.pack() self.labelVar = Label(self.frame_5, text="Var(X): ") self.labelVar.pack() self.labelP = Label(self.frame_5) self.labelP.pack() self.labelF = Label(self.frame_5) self.labelF.pack() def clica_botao_ok(self, event): self.graficoFd.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.fdp, None, None, False) self.graficoF.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.F, None, None, True) self.frame_1.pack() try: self.labelE.setParent(None) self.labelVar.setParent(None) except: pass self.labelE['text'] = "E(X): %.5f" % self.modelo.e() self.labelVar['text'] = "Var(X): %.5f" % self.modelo.var() def clica_botao_calcula(self, event): try: x = float(self.x1.get()) y = float(self.x2.get()) try: self.labelP['text'] = "P(%.2f <= X <= %.2f) = %.5f" % (x, y, self.modelo.fdp(x, y)) self.graficoFd.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.fdp, x, y, False) except Exception, e: tkMessageBox.showwarning("Ops...", e[0], parent=self.top_level) except: if self.x1.get().replace(" ","") != "" or self.x2.get().replace(" ","") != "": tkMessageBox.showwarning("Ops...", "x deve ser um número inteiro", parent=self.top_level) self.graficoFd.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.fdp, None, None, False) self.labelP['text'] = "" try: x = float(self.F.get()) self.labelF['text'] = "F(%.2f) = %.5f" % (x, self.modelo.F(x)) self.graficoF.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.F, -9999999999999, x, True) except: self.graficoF.set_modelo(self.modelo, self.modelo.F, None, None, True) self.labelF['text'] = "" class JanelaUniforme(JanelaContinua): def __init__(self, top_level): JanelaContinua.__init__(self, top_level, "Parâmetro a", "Parâmetro b") def clica_botao_ok(self, event): a = self.entries["Parâmetro a"].get() b = self.entries["Parâmetro b"].get() try: self.modelo = Uniforme(a, b) JanelaContinua.clica_botao_ok(self, event) except Exception, e: tkMessageBox.showwarning("Ops...", e[0], parent=self.top_level) class JanelaExponencial(JanelaContinua): def __init__(self, top_level): JanelaContinua.__init__(self, top_level, "Parâmetro alfa") def clica_botao_ok(self, event): a = self.entries["Parâmetro alfa"].get() try: self.modelo = Exponencial(a) JanelaContinua.clica_botao_ok(self, event) except Exception, e: tkMessageBox.showwarning("Ops...", e[0], parent=self.top_level) class JanelaNormal(JanelaContinua): def __init__(self, top_level): JanelaContinua.__init__(self, top_level, "Média", "Variância") def clica_botao_ok(self, event): u = self.entries["Média"].get() o2 = self.entries["Variância"].get() try: self.modelo = Normal(u, o2) JanelaContinua.clica_botao_ok(self, event) except Exception, e: tkMessageBox.showwarning("Ops...", e[0], parent=self.top_level) raiz = Tk() raiz.title("Mesquita 1.0") JanelaPrincipal(raiz) raiz.mainloop()
